Spraying-nozzle.



I. S. & O. E". MERRELL.

"SPRAYING'NOZZLE. APPLICATION FILED r53. 16. I912.

www Patented May16,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET la as A IRVING S. MERRELL AND OLIVER EDWARD MERRELL, 0FSYRACUSE, YORK, ASSIGNORS T0 .MERBELL-SOULE COMPANY, OF SYRACUSE, NEWYORK, A CORPURA- TION OF- NEW YQRK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

srnarrne-nozznn.

Patented May 16 119116.

Application filed February 16, 1912. Serial No. 678,116.

taining moisture and having \a high vis- .cosity, such as condensed milkand eggs, into a dry powder.

; Particularly, the invention consists in such a pressure spray nozzleespecially designed for ejecting a material, such as condensed milk oreggs, into a current of heated air, in accordance with the method setforth in the United States Letters Patent to Stauf,

- No. 666,711, January 29, 1901.

'sults, in desiccating a hig In the present commercial practice of theStauf invention the milk, eggs or blood, is ejected into a current ofheated air through a minute discharge orifice of the spray nozzle at ahigh pressure, a pressure in ex-- cess of two thousand (2,000) poundsper square inch being employed. In the case of the spray nozzles whichhave heretofore been employed,the discharge of the spray at the highvelocity due to the pressure into the l current of heated air tends tocreate a partial vacuum in the vicinity of the exterior of the nozzle onits discharge face and particles of the sprayed liquidcollect on thedischarge face of the nozzle surrounding the discharge orifice so that alayer of the sprayed material forms thereupon, 1n a molst condition.This collected material, being immediately in the path of the heatedair, is baked into a crust and is injuriously aflected by the heat towhich it is continuously subjected, and particles, being blown ofi fromtime to time, asthe mass accumulates, minglewith the properly driedpowder and affect the quality thereof.

One important object. of the present in material.

We have found, by long experience and practice that in order to obtainthebest re-.

hly .viscous material, such as condensed milk, the liquid view of theplug.

should be converted into an exceedingly fine mist by the sprayingnozzle, and that the mist should be widely diffused within the dryingchamber in order to' insure immedlate and thorough evaporation bybringing it 1nto intimate contact with 'a large volume of the heated aircurrent. It is important that the particles of this mist should be asnearly uniform in size as possible and that these particles bedistributed as uniformly as possible through the heated air current.This insures the thorough and rapid drying of every particle with thegreatest possible economy of heat and power. In order to obtain theseresults a whirling movement is IIIIPELItGd tO the liquid within thespraying device and a high pressure is employed. This produces a fineuniform spray or mist which whirls at high velocity as it emerges fromthe spraying device and is thus caused to difi'use widely and mixintimately and uniformly with the air current. A high pressure must beused to make the spray uniformly fine and to discharge it at a highvelocity and in sufficient quantity through the minute discharge orificeemployed to render the process commercially practicable.

The desiocating chamber may be of ma sonable limits, for the sprayedliquid is converted into a dry powder before coming in contact with anyof the walls of the chamher, as the result of the diffusion and rapiddrying of the sprayed particles.

A nozzle embodying the present invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a side View of the nozzle, aportion of its ejecting end being broken away to illustrate thecharacter of the disin front view. Fig. 5 illustrates the body of thenozzle, showing a side view partly in section thereof and also a rearView thereof. Fig. 6 illustrates the plug which closes the rotarychamber of the nozzle at the rear,

this figure includin a rear View and aside ig. 7 is a plan view of thestrainer and its supportmg rin or sleeve. Figs. 8. and 9 are detailsectional viewsjllustrating by arrows the course of the milk or othersimilar liquid under treatment.- Figs. 3 to 7, inclusive, are on a scaledouble that of Figs. 1 and 2, and Figs. 8 and 9, are on a scale fourtimes that of Figs.

Structurally, the nozzle comprises a body A, a cap B, a casing C, aspray disk D, a plug E, a plug pin F, a screen G, a-screen supportingringer sleeve H, and a washer I.

The casing C, is interiorly screwthre aded at a, to receive at its rearend a liquidconveying pipe J, shown in Fig. 1. Forward of the screwthreaded end a, the casing is'enlarged constituting an interior chamber1), which is inte'riorly screw threaded at its rear end to receive the'exteriorly screw threaded sleeve H, to the rear face of which the screenG, is attached by soldering or in an equivalent manner. The front end ofthe sleeve H, is notched as indicated at c, to facilitate insertion andwithdrawal. The body A, has a flange d, at its outer end, which issupported against the outer end of the cas ing 0, the washer I, beinginterposed. The body is maintained in place liquid tight by the. cap B,which screws on to the exterior of the casing C, and forces the flangeof the body tightly against the washer I.

The body A, has a liquid whirling chamber K, at the middle of its outerside to which the liquid is conveyedby two ducts L, L, which communicateat their outer ends with the chamber 7), of the casing C.

The rear end of the whirling chamber K, is closed by the plug pin F,held in place by the plug E, which screws into a socket e,

at the rear of the body A.

The spray disk D, has a minute central orifice M. connecting with thewhirling chamber K, and through which the liquid is discharged in a finespray.

The ajutage O, on the cap B, is outwardly flaring conical or vas, andits central axis is in line with the center of spray orifice M. andwiththe central longitudinal line of the whirling chamber K.

Assuming that milk is the liquid to be sprayed, it is forced under heavyhydraulic pressure, say two thousand pounds per square inch'or greater,through the feed pipe J through the screen G, into the interior chamber6; thence through the ducts L, L, into the whirling chamber K; andthence outwardly through the spray orifice M, and

. of, at its cylindrical smallest place.

can be judged by specifying certain of the measurements. The interiordiameter .of

the chamber 6, is one and three-sixteenths The plug pin F, is less thanone-tenth of an inch in diameter, being .0895 of an inch in diameter andit makes a close fit Within the whirling chamber K. The outer end of thewhirling chamber K, and the inner face of the spray disk D, are concave,the radius of the circle of concavity on the inner face of the spraydisk being'LO365 of an inch. As shown in Fig. 9, by reason of theseconcavities, the whirling chamber K, at the rounded discharge end has asmooth concave wall for directing the whirling liquid to the sprayorifice M. The conical wall of the vas ajutage 0, makes an angle ofthirty-one and one-half (81.5) degrees to the axis thereon the exteriorfaces of the nozzle when sprayed at high pressure into a current ofheated air. The inclination of the face P,

is opposite to that of the ajutage.

At its outer or discharge end, the spray orifice M, is flared or conedin conformity with the coning of the ajutage so as to provide a smoothcontinuous surface for the liquid in passing from the minor diameter ofthe orifice to the ajutage. The drill measurement heretofore stated fortheorifice is-that which determines the diameter there- The spray diskis .036 of an inch in thickness. Each of the ducts L, is made by a drillof the diameter of .0265 of an inch. Each of these ducts L, is at anangle of twenty-five (25) degrees to a plane perpendicular to the axisof the whirling chamber, as indicated in Fig. 9. The ducts L, enter thewhirling chamber at its bottom just in front of the outer end of theplug pin F. As shown in Fig. 8, the two ducts L, are not in line witheach other nor in line with the central axis of the whirling chamber,but are respectlvely offset to opposite sides of said axis. These twoducts are made by drills entering in opposite directions and where thesedrills pass each other at the axis of the whirling chamber there is aspace of one one-hundredth (.01) of an inch between their nearest faces.Accordingly, the two opposite streams of milk entering the wh1 lingchamof and the external front face P, of the cap B. is likewise conicaland the angle of this masses ber, (circular in cross-section) at highvelocity set the milk into rapid rotation and since the restrictedportion of the spray orifice is of very small extent alongthe line ofthe axis ofthe whirling chamber, this whirling movement continues in thedischarge spray. The screen is of one hundred to the inch wire mesh andit prevents the I r passage of any solids which might clog theducts L,and the spray orifice-M.

All of the parts are readily detached and reassembled to facilitatecleaning the nozzle and in making repairs.

All parts are made of brass, with the exception of the plug pin F, andwasher I, the latter being preferably made of hardened steel, readilydetachable from the plug -E. The whirling of the milk in the whirlingchamber .K, rapidly bores a hole in the end of abrass pin. Accordingly,a pin of hardened steel is desirable. Thewasher I, is preferably made oflead. 1

All of the surfaces with which the liquid may come in contact afterentering the mouths of the ducts L, are highly polished; and both facesof the' spray disk are highly polished as well as the faces of the capand body which -meet the spray disk. thereby making the spray jointsliquid tight.

We claim 1. A high pressure spray nozzle having in combination a bodyportion with a whirling chamber and ducts leading thereto, a cap havingan vas ajutage, a removable spray 'disk interposed between the cap andbody portion and having a minute discharge orifice between the whirlingchamber and said ajutage, and a casing "secured to the cap and having achamber surrounding the rear part of the body portion.

2. A high pressure spray nozzle having in combination a body portionhaving a whirling chamber and ducts leading thereto, a spray diskremovably secured between the cap and bodyportion and having a minutedischarge orifice leading from the whirling chamber, a cap having anopening registering with said discharge orifice, and a casing connectedto the cap, saidcasing and cap operably related 'to hold the bodyportion in proper relative position. l 3. -A high pressure spray nozzlehaving in combination-a body portio n ehaving a whirlin'gchamber,'substantially circular in cross section and concave at itsouter end, and" ducts leading thereto, a spray disk removably securedbetween the cap .and body portion and having a minute discharge orificeleading from the whirling chamber,fa cap having an opening registeringwith said discharge orifice, and a casing connected to the cap, saidcasing and cap operably related toy I hold the body portion in'properrelative position. V 4. A high pressure spray nozzle having in with eachother and o combination a body portion having a whirling chamber and twooppositely inclined feed ducts entering the bottom of said whirlinfigchamber out of line with each other and 0 set to one side of the axis ofsaid chamber, the two ducts entering said chamber at section and concaveat its outer end, and two oppositely inclined feed ducts entering thebottom of said whirlin chamber out of line fi set to one side of theaxis of said chamber, the two ducts entering said chamber at oppositesides of said axis, a spray disk removably secured between the cap andbody portionandhaving a minute discharge orifice leading from thewhirling chamber, a cap having an opening registering with saiddischarge orifice, and a casing connected to the cap, said casing andcap 0perably related to hold the body portion in proper relativeposition. 1

6. A high pressure spray nozzle having in combination a body portionhaving a whirling chamber circular in cross section and with a concaveouter end and a discharge orifice at the center of its outer end, a plugadjustably related to said body portion and having a hardened plug pinclosing the inner end of said whirling chamber, a spray disk removablysecured between the .cap and body portion and having a minute orificeregistering with the discharge orifice of the whirling chamber, andmeans for holding the spray disk in operable position.

7. A highpressure spray nozzle having in combination a body portionhaving an open ing therethrough, a portion of said opening internallythreaded, a screw plug engaged with said portion and provided with aplug .pin fitting said opening tightly and adapted to form a removablebottom for a substan- "tially cylindrical unobstructed whirling chamber,said screw plug having a laterally extending flange at its rear portionof greater diameter than the internally threaded portion of said bodyand adapted to contact withsaid body portion to limit the relativemovement of said parts in one direc-' tion, a removable spray diskhaving a minute orifice communicating with said whirling chamber, acapholding'said spray disk in proper relative position to said bodyportion, and an inlet to said whirling chamber.

8. A spray nozzle comprising a body porducts leading to tion having awhirling chamber circular in cross section and concave at its outer end,a recess in the outer face of said body portion, a spray disk seated insaid recess and hav ing an orifice leading to the whirling chamber, saidorifice cylindrical at its smallest dimension, concave at its inner endand forming a continuation of said whirling chamber, and flaring at itsouter end and said whirling chamber.

9. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion having a whirling chambercircular in cross section and concave at its outer end, and having aremovable hardened plug forming the bottom wall thereof, a recess in theouter face of said body portion, a spray disk seated in said recess andhaving an orifice leading to the whirling chamber, said orificecylindrical at its smallest dimension, concave at its inner end andforming a continuation of said whirling chamber and flaring at its outerend, inclined ducts discharging across said chamber at opposite sides ofan axis thereof, and a cap holding said spray disk seated in the recessin the outer face of said body portion and having an vas ajutage forminga continuation of the liaring outer end ofthe spray disk orifice.

10. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion having a whirling chamber,a duct leading to said chamber, a cap having an vas ajutage, a thinspray" disk removably secured between the cap and body portion andhaving its opposite faces lying throughoutsubstantially their entirearea in contact with the body portion and cap respectively,

said disk having a minute orifice forming means of communication betweenthe whirling chamber and the vas ajutage in said cap.

11. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion having a whirling chamber,a duct leading to said vas ajutage, a thin spray disk removably securedbetween the cap and body portion and having its opposite faces lyingthroughout substantially their entire area in contact with the bodyportion and cap respectively, said disk having a minute onfice formingmeans of communication between the ajutage through chamber, a cap havingan tween the whirling chamber and the f'was ajutage in said cap, thewall of said orifice being the only portion of said disk exposed in thewhirling chamber.

12. A spray nozzle comprising a body portion and a cap having anajutage,one of said elements having a recess formed in the face adjacentthe other element, a thin spray disk in said recess and having itsopposite faces throughout substantially their entire area in contactwith the body portion and the cap respectively, said body, inclinedducts leading to. said chamber, said spray diskhaving a minuteorifice'forming means of communication bethe cap and the whirlingchamber.

13.'A hi h pressure spray nozzle having in combination a body portionprovided with a whirling chamber circular in cross section andsubstantially eight hundred and ninetyfive ten-thousandths (.0895) of aninch in diameter, a cap having an vas ajutage, the wall of which isinclined to the axis of theajutage approximately thirty-one andfive-tenths degrees (31.5 and an external face inclined in the oppositedirection approximately fifty-three and twenty-five onehundredths(53.25) degrees to the axis of the ajutage, a removable spray diskinterposed between the cap and body portion and having an orificeapproximately two hun: dred and sixty-five ten-thousandths (.0265) of aninch, or less, in diameter, a casing secured to the cap and havingafchamber, ducts leading from said chamber to the whirling chamber,said'ducts approximately two hundred and sixty-five ten-thousandths(.0265) ofan inch in diameter and inclined to a plane perpendicular tothe axis of the whirling chamber approximately twentyfive (25) degrees.

In .witnesswhereof we have hereunto set our hands this llth day ofFebruary, 1912.

IRVING s'. MERRELL OLIVER EDWARD MER LL.

Witnesses: Q

EUGENE A. THOMPSON,

H. E. CHASE.

